The DSM-IV diagnosis of mental retardation is further specified with a code or grouping label that indicates the diagnosing clinician's impression of the severity of the presenting retardation. This grouping label is linked to IQ.
Mild Mental Retardation affects 85 percent of the mentally retarded population. Their IQ score ranges from 50-75. Many individuals within this group can achieve academic success at about the sixth grade level. They can become self-sufficient and in some cases, live independently with community and social support.
Moderate Mental Retardation affects around 10 percent of the individuals under the classification of mental retardation. This group score between 35 and 55 on IQ tests and has adequate communication skills. Many of these individuals function very well in group homes and in the community. Many are employed and can take care of themselves with minimal supervision.
Severe Mental Retardation describes 3 - 4 percent of the population within this classification. IQ scores range from 20 to 40. Communication skills and self-help skills are very basic and many individuals require supervision and assistance. Many of these individuals reside in group homes with assistance.
Profound Mental Retardation describes a very small portion of the mentally retarded population, about 1 - 2 percent of those affected. These individuals score under 25 on IQ tests and require around-the-clock care and support. Their communication skills are limited and they require assistance for self-care. People with profound mental retardation usually have neurological disorders as well.
